机械设计名词术语中英文对照表

wind7112

球面渐开线 spherical involute
' Z" S! ]; w( ~% I3 r; h# c9 o, D球面运动 spherical motion
球销副 sphere-pin pair
球坐标操作器 polar coordinate manipulator
燃点 spontaneous ignition
热平衡 heat balance; thermal equilibrium
% j" D4 @+ M5 a# Z2 ?人字齿轮 herringbone gear
冗余自由度 redundant degree of freedom
, d' ^* D0 Y7 R( R4 P# g柔轮 flexspline
  ^+ j- G& l# R, q$ E柔性冲击 flexible impulse; soft shock
/ J  J4 x) M$ g" U9 u! S柔性制造系统 flexible manufacturing system; FMS
* E7 H* ]1 e, u  t柔性自动化 flexible automation
7 C0 p) p% ^$ h; |/ i1 H; P' {润滑油膜 lubricant film
润滑装置 lubrication device
润滑 lubrication
润滑剂 lubricant
: u4 F7 Y  Y- ], D) y4 Z! E三角形花键 serration spline
' \3 Q2 k( [$ q2 x  `三角形螺纹 V thread screw
$ @0 [& F; y8 s/ O三维凸轮 three-dimensional cam
三心定理 Kennedy`s theorem
. s% N0 A, I: x+ h' _; d. [- g/ q砂轮越程槽 grinding wheel groove
; A" ~% j2 L. y9 M* [砂漏 hour-glass
( m/ K+ w6 z  A- @/ p, J少齿差行星传动 planetary drive with small teeth difference
3 c( w( E1 m* R/ L设计方法学 design methodology
: M" e/ @' b8 f0 W0 }6 b设计变量 design variable
设计约束 design constraints
深沟球轴承 deep groove ball bearing
7 P% u& [( g$ z8 d生产阻力 productive resistance
升程 rise
升距 lift
' M5 }: ]5 d9 v0 ~7 Y- T, w7 B实际廓线 cam profile
十字滑块联轴器 double slider coupling; Oldham‘s coupling
8 Q) v8 F: M. |* x) u矢量 vector
% a6 W+ Y* d$ L9 A输出功 output work
输出构件 output link
; y6 H' l" P) I8 t, p( u0 H$ [6 F输出机构 output mechanism
# U; ]  _) B6 ?/ @0 @6 Q输出力矩 output torque
2 g3 _* Z6 ?+ ]# c# q, ]1 q/ Y输出轴 output shaft
% Q" s. l* j- Y输入构件 input link
数学模型 mathematic model
9 ?: h  ^- u% N" H, a- u& n实际啮合线 actual line of action
: Y# n& ]( _1 O* w4 E5 ~0 ]. q" }; D双滑块机构 double-slider mechanism, ellipsograph
& E9 k1 T! o6 V/ Q! R$ a双曲柄机构 double crank mechanism
双曲面齿轮 hyperboloid gear

wind7112

双头螺柱 studs
1 W( k# M1 N3 G$ f- V7 n双万向联轴节 constant-velocity (or double) universal joint
# c) [6 c, _# y4 t5 `) u6 h双摇杆机构 double rocker mechanism
双转块机构 Oldham coupling
' n% S( D! I& V双列轴承 double row bearing
+ R- b( C# A1 ?( P双向推力轴承 double-direction thrust bearing
松边 slack-side
$ J7 K$ `4 A5 h/ \) H: [. M4 |顺时针 clockwise
( t  s- N1 d: j& w. _* S瞬心 instantaneous center
死点 dead point
. X* {5 P& f# U& Q% f9 R2 }四杆机构 four-bar linkage
  `2 f6 U5 C* z( o( e  K3 Y# j# C速度 velocity
$ ]. w4 ?# Z$ ^% Q$ h+ E# ~0 \; h速度不均匀 ( 波动 ) 系数 coefficient of speed fluctuation
2 X. A# N9 K' \+ w, E速度波动 speed fluctuation
' }0 G) P7 Q7 H1 l' T1 u速度曲线 velocity diagram
速度瞬心 instantaneous center of velocity
/ U" j. ~% h2 e* }: }3 i) V( i! |塔轮 step pulley
踏板 pedal
2 f8 L$ H1 c' o6 I( [, D台钳、虎钳 vice
太阳轮 sun gear
6 U, S: b9 H1 w& d9 ]: f. Z弹性滑动 elasticity sliding motion
! i4 d4 b' `0 E& u+ {! g7 x- \. f: p弹性联轴器 elastic coupling flexible coupling
/ @2 v" i9 s. @! [8 `5 r; V弹性套柱销联轴器 rubber-cushioned sleeve bearing coupling
套筒 sleeve
梯形螺纹 acme thread form
特殊运动链 special kinematic chain
( L' y/ I: C" W. `' ~特性 characteristics
4 _4 P( d! L1 O& W7 S. y* v* }替代机构 equivalent mechanism
, g5 A* a* k% M3 R调节 modulation, regulation
# Q* _; i$ O- S4 y* \$ P调心滚子轴承 self-aligning roller bearing
调心球轴承 self-aligning ball bearing
6 _" J. u0 m# c; S! y调心轴承 self-aligning bearing
调速 speed governing
* B4 D) A: ]6 o  M! G调速电动机 adjustable speed motors
调速系统 speed control system
调压调速 variable voltage control
- |3 u5 L+ ~6 t) t* f( j; b调速器 regulator, governor
* k" {! G* B; T' x! b' z铁磁流体密封 ferrofluid seal
! ?- x0 F/ Y0 w/ d停车阶段 stopping phase
停歇 dwell
同步带 synchronous belt
6 N4 f' Q. I1 ]3 A* G/ B. N) `! u1 z同步带传动 synchronous belt drive
凸的，凸面体 convex
. o2 b4 l% S5 H2 i& u( B; ]; e( t凸轮 cam

wind7112

凸轮倒置机构 inverse cam mechanism
凸轮机构 cam , cam mechanism
# [' _2 U; |: ^+ `8 \% S凸轮廓线 cam profile
0 d" H7 x6 s) o6 q1 h凸轮廓线绘制 layout of cam profile
- S" w4 y$ T1 ^+ C3 y凸轮理论廓线 pitch curve
3 Z0 h3 }6 S0 ^" }凸缘联轴器 flange coupling
) a0 x. q$ |! ~图册、图谱 atlas
图解法 graphical method
推程 rise
推力球轴承 thrust ball bearing
+ O6 a) {! `- L8 @9 V9 d推力轴承 thrust bearing
退刀槽 tool withdrawal groove
退火 anneal
# d# I% q! Z( C& T6 q& U, K陀螺仪 gyroscope
$ x( ^5 ~' L7 K& FV 带 V belt
外力 external force
  A. d% V3 K; ~1 q, y& ~; n# D4 |! |; E外圈 outer ring
3 c; L( j! k, I/ T外形尺寸 boundary dimension
万向联轴器 Hooks coupling universal coupling
外齿轮 external gear
4 s/ M  I7 {! u7 K, w/ I弯曲应力 beading stress
+ I. \' K( z5 `1 \# s! v' y弯矩 bending moment
2 |9 Z/ x" H) b$ a% Z) m腕部 wrist
往复移动 reciprocating motion
: a8 \$ j) Z( A- b% S# I往复式密封 reciprocating seal
网上设计 on-net design, OND
. K% f2 F8 X4 W3 A: [微动螺旋机构 differential screw mechanism
/ u3 |/ {# P2 U% [8 u) f6 ?3 |位移 displacement
位移曲线 displacement diagram
2 C' b# L$ Y/ Z$ i% N1 [位姿 pose , position and orientation
# e: \$ k. v! J' o! T5 p稳定运转阶段 steady motion period
稳健设计 robust design
蜗杆 worm
; e0 K/ f+ K& c3 B( N5 \7 |蜗杆传动机构 worm gearing
蜗杆头数 number of threads
) }/ z6 s# K5 U. F8 @蜗杆直径系数 diametral quotient
蜗杆蜗轮机构 worm and worm gear
/ f) q/ a+ B( r9 R7 V5 o, s蜗杆形凸轮步进机构 worm cam interval mechanism
. s2 o7 }- ~3 i6 |蜗杆旋向 hands of worm
( E2 d. p  g$ W$ P蜗轮 worm gear
" D! p1 }5 |- Y5 ^/ G" ~( F4 N涡圈形盘簧 power spring
无级变速装置 stepless speed changes devices
1 m4 v0 p1 R, \/ d3 s) k无穷大 infinite
系杆 crank arm, planet carrier

wind7112

现场平衡 field balancing
向心轴承 radial bearing
# V9 m4 d0 K/ U1 r3 W- t向心力 centrifugal force
) V, ~2 L  |3 I* ~相对速度 relative velocity
相对运动 relative motion
2 K# S6 K3 J9 ~; V. u3 S- r' k相对间隙 relative gap
象限 quadrant
橡皮泥 plasticine
细牙螺纹 fine threads
销 pin
! \( h$ \( V8 v  t. b消耗 consumption
5 E8 U2 H9 o: o* E3 d& I  S小齿轮 pinion
小径 minor diameter
橡胶弹簧 balata spring
修正梯形加速度运动规律 modified trapezoidal acceleration motion
% k3 T, S' c3 l: l& a修正正弦加速度运动规律 modified sine acceleration motion
斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical gear
斜键、钩头楔键 taper key
. D1 H, n! i7 R( O8 l" ], ~) e. D泄漏 leakage
谐波齿轮 harmonic gear
! \8 |8 w6 S) G, `谐波传动 harmonic driving
& D$ j0 ?% y' z2 f' u' \( Q) A谐波发生器 harmonic generator
斜齿轮的当量直齿轮 equivalent spur gear of the helical gear
& a  ^2 Y- Q' b. T' Q心轴 spindle
$ S7 g6 P' L9 G% A) C  E* a行程速度变化系数 coefficient of travel speed variation
* k2 d( L+ ]- }5 U. F2 O行程速比系数 advance-to return-time ratio
) i5 t5 J2 [/ y7 y! r行星齿轮装置 planetary transmission
% f. h, A2 P4 U/ b0 T6 I行星轮 planet gear
行星轮变速装置 planetary speed changing devices
行星轮系 planetary gear train
7 z' j$ U2 X2 p+ f# F5 Q形封闭凸轮机构 positive-drive (or form-closed) cam mechanism
虚拟现实 virtual reality
虚拟现实技术 virtual reality technology, VRT
3 W& ?9 ~$ o2 A4 S4 Z- O虚拟现实设计 virtual reality design, VRD
/ b; \/ b' x) T4 P  S虚约束 redundant (or passive) constraint
) V. ^' q, E5 r6 a许用不平衡量 allowable amount of unbalance
$ U7 p1 t7 ~$ I0 A1 e- H. D! A许用压力角 allowable pressure angle
4 R; N6 J, ?6 P% V许用应力 allowable stress; permissible stress
悬臂结构 cantilever structure
悬臂梁 cantilever beam
循环功率流 circulating power load
旋转力矩 running torque
9 z. t- A  c6 Q. }6 Q& T) e$ Y旋转式密封 rotating seal
旋转运动 rotary motion

wind7112

选型 type selection
( @" g( y/ s6 k压力 pressure
2 o2 |7 \1 ?; t压力中心 center of pressure
压缩机 compressor
压应力 compressive stress
, `) G- [: S8 p' [7 u& O压力角 pressure angle
5 a5 m9 R7 w# a2 ~" E牙嵌式联轴器 jaw (teeth) positive-contact coupling
- l3 C1 t1 S7 \) U) `: J! y: r雅可比矩阵 Jacobi matrix
摇杆 rocker
8 I7 a$ O7 O! L1 x液力传动 hydrodynamic drive
  [) G! z8 h9 r2 I) F- L" Q. f: H* r液力耦合器 hydraulic couplers
- W$ h: v! k3 D! A+ R液体弹簧 liquid spring
液压无级变速 hydraulic stepless speed changes
( Y0 t* B# L) f液压机构 hydraulic mechanism
一般化运动链 generalized kinematic chain
4 N# ~  v: p; D" j! e' l移动从动件 reciprocating follower
, \& }" N, X& U0 `$ L移动副 prismatic pair, sliding pair
移动关节 prismatic joint
移动凸轮 wedge cam
盈亏功 increment or decrement work
应力幅 stress amplitude
应力集中 stress concentration
应力集中系数 factor of stress concentration
应力图 stress diagram
应力 — 应变图 stress-strain diagram
( T% Y6 i; k6 m4 }( {( i# ~) V优化设计 optimal design
油杯 oil bottle
油壶 oil can
油沟密封 oily ditch seal
有害阻力 useless resistance
有益阻力 useful resistance
: w5 o, ?5 e) M5 V9 r6 \* X有效拉力 effective tension
有效圆周力 effective circle force
5 c# p) I5 w# R- i1 g0 j9 ^$ L有害阻力 detrimental resistance
余弦加速度运动 cosine acceleration (or simple harmonic) motion
预紧力 preload
. w+ b1 c! y1 ?原动机 primer mover
圆带 round belt
5 r! t2 q5 ]4 S2 p' c) X% F. a圆带传动 round belt drive
  w( @6 u$ s; P. E; J圆弧齿厚 circular thickness
圆弧圆柱蜗杆 hollow flank worm
圆角半径 fillet radius
5 v6 o6 @1 H$ e' c3 ~5 L. b圆盘摩擦离合器 disc friction clutch
. C' y8 h8 ^6 h3 {  U& y圆盘制动器 disc brake

wind7112

原动机 prime mover
原始机构 original mechanism
圆形齿轮 circular gear
4 \& `0 i! \1 o5 N5 h圆柱滚子 cylindrical roller
3 y- c1 K, Q8 Y  A( T4 _$ T3 O圆柱滚子轴承 cylindrical roller bearing
圆柱副 cylindric pair
: E& v, j; q! q; d圆柱式凸轮步进运动机构 barrel (cylindric) cam
* J- q7 j+ u8 {- l  p! R4 j2 q圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧 cylindroid helical-coil extension spring
; a: Z( B0 r+ B. N& X圆柱螺旋扭转弹簧 cylindroid helical-coil torsion spring
圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧 cylindroid helical-coil compression spring
2 c/ d# p8 \: k9 k5 O圆柱凸轮 cylindrical cam
7 j3 H( c" e; P8 b# S. O6 ?8 \圆柱蜗杆 cylindrical worm
圆柱坐标操作器 cylindrical coordinate manipulator
圆锥螺旋扭转弹簧 conoid helical-coil compression spring
8 z' I% e/ l4 T" E) s3 Z& @圆锥滚子 tapered roller
圆锥滚子轴承 tapered roller bearing
  J! H! _% }# j$ N. b3 U) {. V圆锥齿轮机构 bevel gears
# j6 m8 W- L% M圆锥角 cone angle
原动件 driving link
: n" Y5 `3 ~0 w% X$ t约束 constraint
约束条件 constraint condition
约束反力 constraining force
5 Y: B) S' p+ o* n" T& N8 }跃度 jerk
1 Z' \/ H0 |3 [  y& S跃度曲线 jerk diagram
9 g2 L" y& _( W9 d运动倒置 kinematic inversion
运动方案设计 kinematic precept design
运动分析 kinematic analysis
6 L( F( }$ m2 i1 S& j2 x运动副 kinematic pair
运动构件 moving link
2 q, r0 Z8 U2 c) U* P运动简图 kinematic sketch
运动链 kinematic chain
* N% j1 f" L7 m) T1 w7 y; i运动失真 undercutting
+ M- |; }6 ^6 j8 t" h4 z运动设计 kinematic design
# w: @2 f. Z" ^% m! }' o. c运动周期 cycle of motion
运动综合 kinematic synthesis
% L) V3 Y0 [1 Q* w: V运转不均匀系数 coefficient of velocity fluctuation
/ q7 E  o* \2 {5 _运动粘度 kenematic viscosity
7 P- o" r8 f4 P, v载荷 load
载荷 — 变形曲线 load—deformation curve
' `, y3 O# R6 O. b! c" `载荷 — 变形图 load—deformation diagram
窄 V 带 narrow V belt
; ~" Z  z4 S) S. W" l2 R毡圈密封 felt ring seal
展成法 generating
张紧力 tension

wind7112

张紧轮 tension pulley
振动 vibration
! @- v: _8 R/ [3 C  Y振动力矩 shaking couple
# \, h# `# ^* Y* L. y$ [& c" E振动频率 frequency of vibration
振幅 amplitude of vibration
正切机构 tangent mechanism
正向运动学 direct (forward) kinematics
正弦机构 sine generator, scotch yoke
织布机 loom
9 i( w; ~) s: \, C( l; w- }正应力、法向应力 normal stress
- `6 u3 a4 c; b. S/ g$ C制动器 brake
直齿圆柱齿轮 spur gear
直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear
8 x% V( ~5 a) r2 O) ]直角三角形 right triangle
" e; r% \  ~( z8 R) C% v( r直角坐标操作器 Cartesian coordinate manipulator
直径系数 diametral quotient
直径系列 diameter series
直廓环面蜗杆 hindley worm
2 Q' o4 |% s" A+ I0 N直线运动 linear motion
直轴 straight shaft
2 V( y: b) q6 L! X/ B. Q质量 mass
质心 center of mass
执行构件 executive link; working link
6 \- s8 l5 B1 C" h* ~质径积 mass-radius product
& c+ u" V8 z8 L! c; L智能化设计 intelligent design, ID
' ?+ k+ G$ _- Q' x中间平面 mid-plane
中心距 center distance
8 y& n( _9 u2 G* c/ T* k# f  R8 p中心距变动 center distance change
中心轮 central gear
中径 mean diameter
+ _" C3 G: w5 e( H! _% G8 m终止啮合点 final contact, end of contact
! m9 C# A  q0 A% ?周节 pitch
周期性速度波动 periodic speed fluctuation
周转轮系 epicyclic gear train
  H- F: z! Q5 f1 S肘形机构 toggle mechanism
轴 shaft
& b; s- ?# t$ R% i! `# w  C轴承盖 bearing cup
3 L& [$ i, v; q) V8 P0 L9 q) Z轴承合金 bearing alloy
轴承座 bearing block
轴承高度 bearing height
! L% }( w, k8 u3 L/ L& I, Q轴承宽度 bearing width
3 L8 F2 T7 E! F. d1 n轴承内径 bearing bore diameter
; A; {. P6 N) l9 _6 C2 a% y轴承寿命 bearing life
轴承套圈 bearing ring

wind7112

轴承外径 bearing outside diameter
& ~" @9 c9 t; {+ w7 G轴颈 journal
轴瓦、轴承衬 bearing bush
$ K- H5 c* \' D9 K; ]( ]9 B轴端挡圈 shaft end ring
轴环 shaft collar
轴肩 shaft shoulder
) J) P0 i" D& ]* @: l# e. G轴角 shaft angle
轴向 axial direction
  @8 ]2 x& w3 q, F9 y轴向齿廓 axial tooth profile
轴向当量动载荷 dynamic equivalent axial load
4 S4 O+ m2 c; Y2 m# e* d8 V( v轴向当量静载荷 static equivalent axial load
轴向基本额定动载荷 basic dynamic axial load rating
轴向基本额定静载荷 basic static axial load rating
3 A- H6 f5 F% J/ ?% r轴向接触轴承 axial contact bearing
轴向平面 axial plane
轴向游隙 axial internal clearance
, X( Q% X3 D* d7 p4 V) F& O轴向载荷 axial load
3 e6 r6 f: R  S" a; }! [$ N# L轴向载荷系数 axial load factor
, L* e% s8 Y8 z4 c& F2 e$ J; _轴向分力 axial thrust load
( a& m5 t/ C+ w% `主动件 driving link
主动齿轮 driving gear
主动带轮 driving pulley
1 o+ s& z3 D  ~  q$ v, m" D转动导杆机构 whitworth mechanism
8 u7 Y+ `. g0 Q! F' [/ M1 b转动副 revolute (turning) pair
转速 swiveling speed rotating speed
转动关节 revolute joint
1 M( {0 q2 o  p  c0 v. {1 n转轴 revolving shaft
# x$ d+ Z& o8 _" w0 `  K4 G转子 rotor
转子平衡 balance of rotor
& }* g; V! }6 A9 H4 r$ b4 Y装配条件 assembly condition
锥齿轮 bevel gear
3 @! \0 a4 S' Q  `锥顶 common apex of cone
/ u% G  o' D8 s8 w$ X锥距 cone distance
8 `& v+ C3 D2 _; [1 h& @锥轮 bevel pulley; bevel wheel
锥齿轮的当量直齿轮 equivalent spur gear of the bevel gear
锥面包络圆柱蜗杆 milled helicoids worm
准双曲面齿轮 hypoid gear
, B9 k. H4 Z) O! S, i2 i0 }. a子程序 subroutine
子机构 sub-mechanism
自动化 automation
自锁 self-locking
自锁条件 condition of self-locking
/ h0 Y! ?9 d( M8 p自由度 degree of freedom, mobility
总重合度 total contact ratio

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总反力 resultant force
+ Z$ h/ o' i) I9 i/ j+ U总效率 combined efficiency; overall efficiency
9 _7 c/ M0 Z; p, O# u组成原理 theory of constitution
# K9 Q% n; U" H% X3 K) b组合齿形 composite tooth form
组合安装 stack mounting
/ d' u/ V6 _3 J% i! ?1 @3 C7 y组合机构 combined mechanism
阻抗力 resistance
+ R& p7 J8 S; N% k' R7 |最大盈亏功 maximum difference work between plus and minus work
纵向重合度 overlap contact ratio
# a/ D( f  E( t2 T& E% e纵坐标 ordinate
组合机构 combined mechanism
最少齿数 minimum teeth number
: L" x& l6 R/ Y! x2 S" ~9 M. F1 W最小向径 minimum radius
. B6 o$ X+ r4 w" F1 g作用力 applied force
- D+ @  ]; m3 y# d坐标系 coordinate frame

jianchi0711

太强大了！楼主真是太感谢你了！